Energy saving operation of transformers

Transformers have energy-saving operation, which is determined by the active and reactive power consumption of transformers, and their non-linear changes with load changes. When the operation method of the transformer has been firmly established, the load should be adjusted properly to ensure that the transformer operates in the best operating zone and to distribute the load between transformers in an energy-saving manner.

Each transformer has a no-load consumption AP of active power Short circuit consumption APk and no-load consumption AQJI of reactive power.%) Due to differences in transformer capacity, primary and secondary voltage grades, dead core winding materials, planning, and manufacturing processes, there are significant differences in the four technical parameters between transformers, including Qk (Ut%) and additional load consumption. Even if the specifications and materials are the same, there are still certain differences in the four parameters of transformers produced by the same factory under the same plan. This article will discuss and debate the energy-saving operation of transformers from two aspects: active and reactive power. DC capacitors, pulse capacitors, AC filtering capacitors, flexible DC transmission capacitors, power electronic capacitors, capacitors for new energy, filtering compensation devices

Filter compensation device

(1) The load characteristics of active power loss and loss rate of transformers. The basic calculation formula for transformer power loss AP (kilowatts) and loss rate AP% (%) is: (2- Load coefficient. The calculation formula for load coefficient is: because the loss rate AP% has the perspective of transformer electricity consumption, it is used as a loss rate without dissipation effect. The transformer loss rate △ P% is a quadratic function of the transformer load coefficient (3). AP% first decreases with the increase of P, and when it decreases to the load coefficient (copper loss is iron loss), then AP% rises with the increase of p, which is the minimum loss rate load coefficient. Therefore, when a solid transformer is in operation, the AP can be lowered by adjusting the load during the process (4) The load characteristics of reactive power consumption and consumption rate of transformers. The basic calculation formula for reactive power consumption AQ (kilovolt) of transformers is to balance the value of reactive power consumed by the transformer itself when transmitting active power in the transmission unit, resulting in a reactive power consumption rate AQ% (%). This formula can be rewritten as the minimum reactive power consumption rate of transformers when the load leakage power of the transformer is the no-load excitation power.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the active power loss rate and load rate characteristics AP%=f (p) of the transformer, as well as the load characteristics AQ%=f (p) of reactive power consumption, determine that through proper selection and load adjustment, the active power loss rate and no power consumption rate of the transformer can be reduced, and the energy-saving operation of the transformer can be achieved. This is called load adjustment for efficient and frugal use of electricity.